Country Profile – Colombia

Country Profile: Colombia

Connecting country profiles with data that drives disaster readiness

This section brings together key demographic, geographic, economic, and natural risk indicators that shape the nation’s exposure and vulnerability. These elements paint a comprehensive picture of the country’s baseline conditions, supporting informed decision-making, strategic planning, and targeted action to strengthen resilience across the region.

General Information

Total population (inhabitants): 49,588,357 (2024 est.) (25,381,986 Female and 24,206,371 Male)
Human Development Index (HDI): 0.788 (83 out of 193 countries)
Basic geography: Total population (inhabitants): 49,588,357 (2024 est.) (25,381,986 Female and 24,206,371 Male). With a total area of 1,138,910 sq km and 3,208 km of coastline. The terrain is composed of flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains and eastern lowland plains (Highest point: 5,730 m and mean elevation: 593 m).

Economic Overview

Real GDP growth (Annual percent change): 2.5 (2025)
GDP and GDP per capita current prices (U.S. dollars): 438.12 billion and 8.25 thousand (2025)
GDP – composition, by sector of origin: agricultura: 9,3%, industria: 23,1% y servicios: 58,2% (est. 2024)
Key indicators of economic vulnerability
- General government gross debt (% of GDP 2025): 58.9

*Figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Risks and Disasters

Natural Disaster History (1980-2024)

Type of disaster	Total Disasters (#)	Total Deaths (Persons)	Total Affected (Persons)	Total Damages (000 USD, Adjusted for Inflation)	Internal Displacements (2008-2024)
Drought	3	0	1,243,043	0	7,900
Earthquake	17	1,801	1,365,471	4,695,646	3,600
Epidemic	6	672	121,194	0
Flood	99	2,869	13,395,293	5,954,751	4,000,000
Infestation	1	0	0	207,956
Mass movement (dry)	2	172	0	0	63
Mass movement (wet)	41	2,503	110,920	127,688	62,000
Storm	14	73	684,193	283,858	123,000
Volcanic activity	11	21,826	57,299	2,832,678	62,000
Wildfire	4	42	119,200	0	47,000
Total	198	29,958	17,096,613	14,102,577	4,305,563

International Risk Indexes – LAC INFORM RISK

The Index for Risk Management (INFORM) for the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region uses a scale of 0–10 to represent the level of risk, where 0 represents the lowest and 10 represents the highest. The Natural column shows the overall index related to natural hazards.

To access an indicator at the global level, please consult this page: INFORM Risk

Earthquake and tsunami
9.5

Flood
8.3

Tropical cyclone
5.6

Eco-Damage and drought
4.5

Epidemics
7

Natural
7.4

References

Central Intelligence Agency. (2025). The World Factbook: Countries. The World Factbook. [LINK]

International Monetary Fund. (2025). DataMapper profile. International Monetary Fund. [LINK]

International Monetary Fund. (2025). Gross general government debt data by country. International Monetary Fund. [LINK]

Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre. (2024). Displacement Data. IDMC. [LINK]

Joint Research Centre (JRC) — European Commission. (2020). INFORM Subnational Risk: Latin America and Caribbean. INFORM Index. [LINK]

United Nations Development Programme. (2025). Country insights. Human Development Reports. [LINK]

World Bank. (2024). Explore. Climate Change Knowledge Portal. [LINK]

Additional Information

Last Updated: November 2025

Created by: Azucena Ceniceros Gutiérrez