Country Profile – Canada

Country Profile: Canada

Connecting country profiles with data that drives disaster readiness

This section brings together key demographic, geographic, economic, and natural risk indicators that shape the nation’s exposure and vulnerability. These elements paint a comprehensive picture of the country’s baseline conditions, supporting informed decision-making, strategic planning, and targeted action to strengthen resilience across the region.

General Information

Total population (inhabitants): 38,794,813 (2024 est.) (19,560,084 Female and 19,234,729 Male)
Human Development Index (HDI): 0.939 (16 out of 193 countries)
Basic geography: Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north. With a total area of 9,984,670 sq km and 202,080 km of coastline. The terrain is mostly plains with mountains in the west and lowlands in the southeast (Highest point: 5,959 m and mean elevation: 487 m).

Economic Overview

Real GDP growth (Annual percent change): 1.2 (2025)
GDP and GDP per capita current prices (U.S. dollars): 2.28k billion and 54.93 thousand (2025)
GDP – composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 1.6%, industry: 25.3% and services: 66.4% (2021 est.)*
Key indicators of economic vulnerability
- General government gross debt (% of GDP 2025): 113.9

*Figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Risks and Disasters

Natural Disaster History (1980-2024)

Type of disaster	Total Disasters (#)	Total Deaths (Persons)	Total Affected (Persons)	Total Damages (000 USD, Adjusted for Inflation)	Internal Displacements (2008-2024)
Drought	2	0	30,000	5,020,141
Epidemic	4	38	709	0
Extreme temperature	7	897	200	4,769,653	6600
Flood	44	60	255,173	17,314,056	212,000
Storm	41	130	77,779	12,118,558	6,100
Wildfire	27	8	242,627	19,066,667	492,000
Total	125	1,133	606,488	58,289,075	716,700

International Risk Indexes

To access an indicator at the global level, please consult this page: INFORM Risk

References

Central Intelligence Agency. (2025). The World Factbook: Countries. The World Factbook. [LINK]

International Monetary Fund. (2025). DataMapper profile. International Monetary Fund. [LINK]

International Monetary Fund. (2025). Gross general government debt data by country. International Monetary Fund. [LINK]

Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre. (2024). Displacement Data. IDMC. [LINK]

Joint Research Centre (JRC) — European Commission. (2020). INFORM Subnational Risk: Latin America and Caribbean. INFORM Index. [LINK]

United Nations Development Programme. (2025). Country insights. Human Development Reports. [LINK]

World Bank. (2024). Explore. Climate Change Knowledge Portal. [LINK]

Additional Information

Last Updated: November 2025

Created by: Azucena Ceniceros Gutiérrez